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A total of 17 red cards have been issued during Rugby World Cup tournaments since the first in 1987. Discipline at the 2003 event could be said to be the best out of all seven tournaments to date, at least in terms of red cards, as none were issued. Nine different countries have seen at least one of their players dismissed, with Tonga and Canada both having lost three members of their team. The position with the most red cards is flanker, with five such players leaving the field. Two team captains have been dismissed by the referee. While the rules allow for players to be dismissed after receiving two yellow cards, all dismissals to date have been straight red cards. ==Details== The first player to receive a red card was Welsh lock Huw Richards in the inaugural Rugby World Cup. Richards punched New Zealand lock Gary Whetton and received a one-week suspension for his actions. He therefore missed the final match of the team's World Cup – the third place playoff against Australia.〔(New Zealand 49 Wales 6 ). Welsh Rugby Union. 14 June 1987. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕 In that match Australian flanker David Codey was sent off in the fifth minute, the quickest dismissal in any Rugby World Cup.〔(Summary FRA 87–10 NAM ). ''Rugby News Service''. 16 September 2007. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕 Warned after only one minute, Codey again trampled on a Welsh player in a ruck and was told to leave the field. The game continued and Australia lost by a point.〔Aldworth, Winston. (1987: A sending off that made Wallaby history ). ''The New Zealand Herald''. 15 August 2011. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕 The 1991 Rugby World Cup saw two locks from opposing teams shown the red card. Highly regarded Argentine Pedro Sporleder, who would go on to compete in the next three tournaments, fought with Samoan Matt Keenan and both were sent from the field.〔Barclay, Tom. (Greatest Rugby World Cup XV: second row front jumper profiles – Pedro Sporleder ). ''The Telegraph''. 8 August 2011. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 Four players were sent off during the 1995 Rugby World Cup with three of them being dismissed in one incident. Electrical problems at the Boet Erasmus Stadium in Port Elizabeth caused the South Africa–Canada match to be postponed by 45 minutes, adding to the tension of the last, decisive Pool A game. With 10 minutes left the South Africans were leading 20–0 when a challenge by Pieter Hendriks on Canadian Winston Stanley sparked a fight between the two teams. Fullback Scott Stewart charged into Hendriks and was joined by Springbok hooker James Dalton and several others. Referee David McHugh chose to send off Dalton as well as Canadians Rod Snow and Gareth Rees, the captain. Investigations after the match led to Hendriks and Stewart being suspended.〔Rich, Gavin. (Memorable Moments ). SuperSport.com. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕〔(Match Breakdown ). Springboks. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕 One week earlier Tongan flanker Feleti Mahoni was caught stamping on the head of Frenchman Philippe Benetton during a ruck, resulting in an immediate dismissal and a lengthy ban. Until that point Tonga had been making impressive progress against a French team that had been tipped to win the tournament.〔Cole, Robert. ( Tonga rattle French until sending-off ). ''The Independent''. 27 May 1995. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 The 1999 Rugby World Cup also saw four players dismissed but this time in four different matches and from four different teams. The first red card went to Marika Vunibaka who had scored a try and in doing so became the only player to have been sent off after scoring points. Dismissed in injury time at the end of the second half, the Fijian was adjudged to have head-butted a Canadian player.〔(Fiji advances with hard-fought 38–22 win ). ''Sports Illustrated''. 9 October 1999. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 Canadian flanker Dan Baugh was sent off for stamping on a Namibian player and subsequently received a four-week ban. Ngalu Taufo'ou was sanctioned in the same way after running ten metres to punch England flanker Richard Hill. On the same day Brendan Venter was sent off for stamping on Uruguayan Martin Panizza.〔(Taufo'ou banned for 'flying' punch ). 16 October 1999. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 Unique amongst the seven tournaments, no players were sent off during the 48 games of the 2003 Rugby World Cup.〔(Rugby World Cup / Most team red cards in a match ). ''ESPN Scrum''. SFMS Limited. Accessed 24 October 2011.〕 Two players were shown red cards for two different teams at the 2007 Rugby World Cup, both on the same day. Tongan Hale T-Pole was dismissed in the final ten minutes of the match against Samoa when he elbowed substitute Leo Lafaiali'i in the face. He had received several warnings from the referee prior to the incident.〔Harlow, Phil. (Samoa v Tonga as it happened ). BBC News. 16 September 2007. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 Namibian Jacques Nieuwenhuis received his red card after a dangerous tackle on Frenchman Sébastien Chabal. The resultant enquiry decided that Nieuwenhuis had recklessly but not intentionally tackled Chabal around the head and gave him a one match ban.〔(Nieuwenhuis suspended for one match ). Rugby News Service. 18 September 2007. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕〔Inson, Jeremy. (Nieuwenhuis takes his medicine ). Rugby News Service. 20 September 2007. Accessed 9 October 2011.〕 Two players were sent off during the 2011 Rugby World Cup. Samoa's Paul Williams was reprimanded for striking a South African player but escaped a ban when it was deemed that his actions were not heavy, had no adverse effect on the game, and that there were "compelling on-field and/or off-field aggravating features".〔Gallagher, Brendan. (Rugby World Cup 2011: Samoa full-back Paul Williams avoids ban after red card against South Africa ). ''The Telegraph''. 1 October 2011. Accessed 8 October 2011.〕 Wales captain Sam Warburton was sent off in the semi-final against France because he did not safely return a player to the floor after a tackle. The decision was controversial with several commentators believing that it should only be a yellow card because Warburton did not drive the player into the ground. Austin Healey was only of several current and former players who criticised the dismissal on Twitter, calling it a "most ridiculous decision". However, the red card was upheld after the match and Warburton was given a three-week ban. Warburton became only the second player to be dismissed in a semi-final, the latest stage towards the final that any player has received a red card.〔Standley, James. (Rugby World Cup 2011: Live text - Wales v France ). BBC News. 15 October 2011. Accessed 15 October 2011.〕〔(Rugby World Cup 2011: Sam Warburton banned for three weeks ). BBC News. 16 October 2011. Accessed 16 October 2011.〕 Coincidentally, the other player, Huw Richards, was also representing Wales.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Rugby World Cup red cards」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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